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Home English Israeli Government Points of View

Obligations under the Wye Memorandum – simultaneous or sequential?

15 maart 1999
in Israeli Government Points of View
Reading Time: 3 mins read
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Obligations under the Wye Memorandum – simultaneous or sequential?

Communicated by the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 15 March 1999

  1. The Wye River Memorandum sets out a series of specific obligations of
    the Israeli and Palestinian sides to be implemented in a phased approach in
    accordance with a detailed Time Line, divided into several phases.

  2. Recent statements by the Palestinian side have suggested that the
    obligations within each phase are not to be implemented sequentially but
    rather simultaneously. However this was not the intention of the Time Line.

    To the contrary, the sequential approach adopted by the Government of
    Israel reflects exactly the thinking behind the Time Line attached to the
    Memorandum.

  3. The Time Line is divided into a series of phases which are listed
    chronologically. Within each phase the obligations of the two sides are
    also listed chronologically. This is the clear intention of a “time line”
    and is also evident from an examination of the specific obligations. Thus,
    for example, in the period from week 2 to week 6, the meeting of the PCC
    (weeks two to four) is listed before the meeting of the PNC and other
    organisations (weeks four to six).

    The fact that the phases of further redeployment each appear at the end
    of the list of the obligations in each period is not coincidental; it is a clear
    indication that such redeployments are only to be effected upon the completion
    of the prior obligations in the relevant period.

  4. This is not only the intention of the Memorandum; it is also the
    practice that has been adopted by the two sides to date: the first phase of
    the FRD was only implemented after the Israeli Government had confirmed
    that the prior commitments of that phase had been implemented.

  5. The logic behind the Wye Time Line is understandable. It seeks to deal
    with the fact that while Israel’s obligations are all irreversible
    (transferring territory, releasing prisoners), the Palestinian side’s
    obligations are almost all questions of policy which can, and are, only too
    easily turned on and off (fighting terrorism, preventing incitement,
    security cooperation).

    Accordingly, the Wye Time Line provides that the Palestinian side is to
    demonstrate its commitment to its obligations in the course of each phase, prior
    to Israel being obligated to forfeit its valuable and finite assets.

    Only in this way can there be any degree of assessment as to whether
    there has been a genuine commitment to implementation by the Palestinian side
    over a period of time.

  6. This logic is reflected in the wording of the Memorandum, which states
    clearly in Article II that:

    “the Palestinian side’s implementation of its responsibilities for
    security, security cooperation and other issues will be as detailed below
    during the time periods specified in the attached time line.”

    The use of the word “during” indicates that, unlike the Israeli
    commitments, which are to be implemented at the end of each phase, the
    Palestinian obligations must be implemented consistently throughout each
    phase. As the Wye Memorandum states in Article II:

    “The struggle against terror and violence … must be continuous and
    consistent over a long-term, in that there can be no pauses in the work
    against terrorists and their structure.”

    This point was also underscored by Secretary of State Madeleine Albright in
    her letter to Prime Minister Netanyahu, dated October 23, 1998, in which
    she stated that “the Palestinian security undertakings are a critical
    foundation of the Memorandum”.

  7. In practice, were any approach other than the sequential approach
    advocated by Israel to be adopted, it would produce anomalous results.
    Israel could be required to withdraw from additional territory, before the
    Palestinian side had done anything to indicate its commitment to further
    implementation.

  8. In conclusion, it should be noted that the interdependence of the
    Israeli and Palestinian obligations is not a new principle; the Note for
    the Record attached to the Protocol Concerning the Redeployment in Hebron
    provided for the implementation of the two sides’ obligations “on the basis
    of reciprocity.”

    At the current time, the Palestinian side has yet to fulfil many of its
    obligations under the Memorandum, but is nonetheless seeking to find a way to
    extract further concessions from Israel. Such an approach is inconsistent with
    the very basis of the Memorandum.

    Moreover, acceding to Palestinian demands for implementation by Israel,
    without insisting on full Palestinian compliance, would seriously undermine
    prospects for Palestinian compliance in the forthcoming phases of the Time
    Line and in any future agreements.

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